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  2. Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc. - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Corp._of_America_v...

    Universal City Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 417 (1984), also known as the " Betamax case ", is a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States which ruled that the making of individual copies of complete television shows for purposes of time shifting does not constitute copyright infringement, but can instead be defended as fair use. [1][2] The ...

  3. Resale price maintenance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resale_price_maintenance

    Resale price maintenance (RPM) or, occasionally, retail price maintenance is the practice whereby a manufacturer and its distributors agree that the distributors will sell the manufacturer's product at certain prices (resale price maintenance), at or above a price floor (minimum resale price maintenance) or at or below a price ceiling (maximum resale price maintenance).

  4. Compulsory license - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_license

    This is an exception to the general rule under intellectual property laws that the intellectual property owner enjoys exclusive rights that it may license—or decline to license—to others. Under UK patent law, a compulsory license is different from a statutory license.

  5. Rebate (marketing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebate_(marketing)

    Rebate (marketing) In marketing, a rebate is a form of buying discount and is an amount paid by way of reduction, return, or refund that is paid retrospectively. It is a type of sales promotion that marketers use primarily as incentives or supplements to product sales. Rebates are also used as a means of enticing price-sensitive consumers into ...

  6. Intellectual property infringement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_property...

    An intellectual property (IP) infringement is the infringement or violation of an intellectual property right. There are several types of intellectual property rights, such as copyrights, patents, trademarks, industrial designs, plant breeders rights [1] and trade secrets. Therefore, an intellectual property infringement may for instance be one ...

  7. Privity of contract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privity_of_contract

    t. e. The doctrine of privity of contract is a common law principle which provides that a contract cannot confer rights or impose obligations upon anyone who is not a party to that contract. [1] It is related to, but distinct from, the doctrine of consideration, according to which a promise is legally enforceable only if valid consideration has ...

  8. Exhaustion of intellectual property rights - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhaustion_of_intellectual...

    The exhaustion of intellectual property rights constitutes one of the limits of intellectual property (IP) rights. Once a given product has been sold under the authorization of the IP owner, the reselling, rental, lending and other third party commercial uses of IP-protected goods in domestic and international markets are governed by the principle.

  9. Intellectual property policy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_property_policy

    An intellectual property policy (IP policy) comprises the policies and procedures set up by a company, a state, or an institution that relate to creating, using or disseminating its intellectual property. The purpose of the intellectual property policy is to foster the creation and dissemination of knowledge and to provide certainty in ...