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pc ⋅ M⊙−1 ⋅ ( km / s) 2. The gravitational constant G is a key quantity in Newton's law of universal gravitation. The gravitational constant is an empirical physical constant involved in the calculation of gravitational effects in Sir Isaac Newton 's law of universal gravitation and in Albert Einstein 's theory of general relativity.
Gravitational acceleration. In physics, gravitational acceleration is the acceleration of an object in free fall within a vacuum (and thus without experiencing drag ). This is the steady gain in speed caused exclusively by gravitational attraction. All bodies accelerate in vacuum at the same rate, regardless of the masses or compositions of the ...
Specific activity. In the context of radioactivity, activity or total activity (symbol A) is a physical quantity defined as the number of radioactive transformations per second that occur in a particular radionuclide. [1] The unit of activity is the becquerel (symbol Bq), which is defined equivalent to reciprocal seconds (symbol s -1 ).
Peak ground acceleration can be expressed in fractions of g (the standard acceleration due to Earth's gravity, equivalent to g-force) as either a decimal or percentage; in m/s 2 (1 g = 9.81 m/s 2); [7] or in multiples of Gal, where 1 Gal is equal to 0.01 m/s 2 (1 g = 981 Gal).
where F is the gravitational force acting between two objects, m 1 and m 2 are the masses of the objects, r is the distance between the centers of their masses, and G is the gravitational constant. The first test of Newton's law of gravitation between masses in the laboratory was the Cavendish experiment conducted by the British scientist Henry ...
Relative density ( ) or specific gravity ( ) is a dimensionless quantity, as it is the ratio of either densities or weights where is relative density, is the density of the substance being measured, and is the density of the reference. (By convention , the Greek letter rho, denotes density.) The reference material can be indicated using ...
Cavendish's result provided additional evidence for a planetary core made of metal, an idea first proposed by Charles Hutton based on his analysis of the 1774 Schiehallion experiment. [ 18] Cavendish's result of 5.4 g·cm −3, 23% bigger than Hutton's, is close to 80% of the density of liquid iron, and 80% higher than the density of the Earth ...
The g-force or gravitational force equivalent is mass-specific force (force per unit mass), expressed in units of standard gravity (symbol g or g0, not to be confused with "g", the symbol for grams ). It is used for sustained accelerations, that cause a perception of weight.