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Validity (statistics) Validity is the main extent to which a concept, conclusion, or measurement is well-founded and likely corresponds accurately to the real world. [ 1][ 2] The word "valid" is derived from the Latin validus, meaning strong. The validity of a measurement tool (for example, a test in education) is the degree to which the tool ...
In the ordinary course of life, we necessarily take others at face-value, [30] and use ideal types/stereotypes to guide our daily activities; while institutions too can rely on the superficial consensus of groupthink [31] to preclude deeper investigation. Some circumstances however necessitate a shift from superficial to extensive processing.
Etymology. Hedging is the practice of taking a position in one market to offset and balance against the risk adopted by assuming a position in a contrary or opposing market or investment. The word hedge is from Old English hecg, originally any fence, living or artificial. The first known use of the word as a verb meaning 'dodge, evade' dates ...
The face value, sometimes called nominal value, is the value of a coin, bond, stamp or paper money as printed on the coin, stamp or bill itself [1] by the issuing authority. The face value of coins, stamps, or bill is usually its legal value. However, their market value need not bear any relationship to the face value.
In linguistics, a yes–no question, also known as a binary question, a polar question, or a general question, [1] is a question whose expected answer is one of two choices, one that provides an affirmative answer to the question versus one that provides a negative answer to the question. Typically, in English, the choices are either "yes" or ...
Devaluation. In macroeconomics and modern monetary policy, a devaluation is an official lowering of the value of a country's currency within a fixed exchange-rate system, in which a monetary authority formally sets a lower exchange rate of the national currency in relation to a foreign reference currency or currency basket.
Factoring is a financial transaction and a type of debtor finance in which a business sells its accounts receivable (i.e., invoices) to a third party (called a factor) at a discount. [ 1][ 2][ 3] A business will sometimes factor its receivable assets to meet its present and immediate cash needs. [ 4][ 5] Forfaiting is a factoring arrangement ...
Business valuation is a process and a set of procedures used to estimate the economic value of an owner's interest in a business. Here various valuation techniques are used by financial market participants to determine the price they are willing to pay or receive to effect a sale of the business. In addition to estimating the selling price of a ...