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  2. Order of operations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_operations

    Order of operations. In mathematics and computer programming, the order of operations is a collection of rules that reflect conventions about which operations to perform first in order to evaluate a given mathematical expression . These rules are formalized with a ranking of the operations. The rank of an operation is called its precedence, and ...

  3. Methods of computing square roots - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_computing...

    A method analogous to piece-wise linear approximation but using only arithmetic instead of algebraic equations, uses the multiplication tables in reverse: the square root of a number between 1 and 100 is between 1 and 10, so if we know 25 is a perfect square (5 × 5), and 36 is a perfect square (6 × 6), then the square root of a number greater than or equal to 25 but less than 36, begins with ...

  4. Square root - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_root

    Square root. Notation for the (principal) square root of x. For example, √ 25 = 5, since 25 = 5 ⋅ 5, or 52 (5 squared). In mathematics, a square root of a number x is a number y such that ; in other words, a number y whose square (the result of multiplying the number by itself, or ) is x. [1] For example, 4 and −4 are square roots of 16 ...

  5. Newton's method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_method

    An illustration of Newton's method. In numerical analysis, Newton's method, also known as the Newton–Raphson method, named after Isaac Newton and Joseph Raphson, is a root-finding algorithm which produces successively better approximations to the roots (or zeroes) of a real -valued function. The most basic version starts with a real-valued ...

  6. Quadratic formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadratic_formula

    Quadratic formula. Not to be confused with quadratic function or quadratic equation. The roots of the quadratic function y = ⁠ 1 2 ⁠x2 − 3x + ⁠ 5 2 ⁠ are the places where the graph intersects the x -axis, the values x = 1 and x = 5. They can be found via the quadratic formula. In elementary algebra, the quadratic formula is a closed ...

  7. Tetration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetration

    Like square roots, the square super-root of x may not have a single solution. Unlike square roots, determining the number of square super-roots of x may be difficult. In general, if e − 1 / e < x < 1 {\displaystyle e^{-1/e}<x<1} , then x has two positive square super-roots between 0 and 1; and if x > 1 {\displaystyle x>1} , then x has one ...

  8. Cholesky decomposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesky_decomposition

    One concern with the Cholesky decomposition to be aware of is the use of square roots. If the matrix being factorized is positive definite as required, the numbers under the square roots are always positive in exact arithmetic. Unfortunately, the numbers can become negative because of round-off errors, in which case the algorithm cannot ...

  9. Algebraic operation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_operation

    In mathematics, a basic algebraic operation is any one of the common operations of elementary algebra, which include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to a whole number power, and taking roots ( fractional power). [1] These operations may be performed on numbers, in which case they are often called arithmetic operations.