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In contrast to necrosis, which is a form of traumatic cell death that results from acute cellular injury, apoptosis is a highly regulated and controlled process that confers advantages during an organism's life cycle. For example, the separation of fingers and toes in a developing human embryo occurs because cells between the digits undergo ...
DNA and other macromolecules determine an organism's life cycle: birth, growth, maturity, decline, and death. Nutrition is necessary but not sufficient to account for growth in size, as genetics is the governing factor. At some point, virtually all organisms normally decline and die even while remaining in environments that contain sufficient ...
Programmed cell death ( PCD; sometimes referred to as cellular suicide [1]) is the death of a cell as a result of events inside of a cell, such as apoptosis or autophagy. [2] [3] PCD is carried out in a biological process, which usually confers advantage during an organism's lifecycle. For example, the differentiation of fingers and toes in a ...
Cell death. Cell death is the event of a biological cell ceasing to carry out its functions. This may be the result of the natural process of old cells dying and being replaced by new ones, as in programmed cell death, or may result from factors such as diseases, localized injury, or the death of the organism of which the cells are part.
Senescence (/ s ɪ ˈ n ɛ s ə n s /) or biological aging is the gradual deterioration of functional characteristics in living organisms. Whole organism senescence involves an increase in death rates or a decrease in fecundity with increasing age, at least in the later part of an organism's life cycle.
Biological immortality (sometimes referred to as bio-indefinite mortality) is a state in which the rate of mortality from senescence is stable or decreasing, thus decoupling it from chronological age. Various unicellular and multicellular species, including some vertebrates, achieve this state either throughout their existence or after living ...
Life history theory. Life history theory ( LHT) is an analytical framework [1] designed to study the diversity of life history strategies used by different organisms throughout the world, as well as the causes and results of the variation in their life cycles. [2] It is a theory of biological evolution that seeks to explain aspects of organisms ...
Cell-count distribution featuring cellular differentiation for three types of cells (progenitor , osteoblast , and chondrocyte ) exposed to pro-osteoblast stimulus. [1] Cellular differentiation is the process in which a stem cell changes from one type to a differentiated one. [2] [3] Usually, the cell changes to a more specialized type.