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  2. Value engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_engineering

    Value engineering ( VE) is a systematic analysis of the functions of various components and materials to lower the cost of goods, products and services with a tolerable loss of performance or functionality. Value, as defined, is the ratio of function to cost. Value can therefore be manipulated by either improving the function or reducing the ...

  3. Instrumental and intrinsic value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_and_intrinsic...

    The word value is ambiguous in that it is both a verb and a noun, as well as denoting both a criterion of judgment itself and the result of applying a criterion. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] : 37–44 To reduce ambiguity, throughout this article the noun value names a criterion of judgment, as opposed to valuation which is an object that is judged valuable.

  4. English phrasal verbs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_phrasal_verbs

    Particle verbs (phrasal verbs in the strict sense) are two-word verbs composed of a simple verb and a particle extension that modifies its meaning. The particle is thus integrally collocated with the verb. In older grammars, the particle was usually analyzed as an adverb. [ 7][ 8] a. Kids grow up so fast these days.

  5. Valence (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valence_(psychology)

    The use of the term in psychology entered English with the translation from German ("Valenz") in 1935 of works of Kurt Lewin.The original German word suggests "binding", and is commonly used in a grammatical context to describe the ability of one word to semantically and syntactically link another, especially the ability of a verb to require a number of additional terms (e.g. subject and ...

  6. Hypernymy and hyponymy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypernymy_and_hyponymy

    For example, verbs such as stare, gaze, view and peer can also be considered hyponyms of the verb look, which is their hypernym. The meaning relation between hyponyms and hypernyms applies to lexical items of the same word class (that is, part of speech) , and holds between senses rather than words.

  7. Grammatical aspect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_aspect

    v. t. e. In linguistics, aspect is a grammatical category that expresses how a verbal action, event, or state, extends over time. For instance, perfective aspect is used in referring to an event conceived as bounded and unitary, without reference to any flow of time during the event ("I helped him"). Imperfective aspect is used for situations ...

  8. Virtue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtue

    Virtue. A virtue ( Latin: virtus) is a trait of excellence, including traits that may be moral, social, or intellectual. The cultivation and refinement of virtue is held to be the " good of humanity" and thus is valued as an end purpose of life or a foundational principle of being. In human practical ethics, a virtue is a disposition to choose ...

  9. Word order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_order

    These are all possible word orders for the subject, object, and verb in the order of most common to rarest (the examples use "she" as the subject, "loves" as the verb, and "him" as the object): SOV is the order used by the largest number of distinct languages; languages using it include Japanese , Korean , Mongolian , Turkish , the Indo-Aryan ...