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The face value, sometimes called nominal value, is the value of a coin, bond, stamp or paper money as printed on the coin, stamp or bill itself [1] by the issuing authority. The face value of coins, stamps, or bill is usually its legal value. However, their market value need not bear any relationship to the face value.
Accounting research examines how accounting is used by individuals, organizations and government as well as the consequences that these practices have. Starting from the assumption that accounting both measures and makes visible certain economic events, accounting research has studied the roles of accounting in organizations and society and the consequences that these practices have for ...
The fact–value distinction is a fundamental epistemological distinction described between: [1] Statements of fact ( positive or descriptive statements ), based upon reason and physical observation, and which are examined via the empirical method. Statements of value ( normative or prescriptive statements ), which encompass ethics and ...
Positive accounting can be associated with the contractual view of the firm. [1] [2] The firm is viewed as “a nexus of contracts ” and accounting one tool to facilitate the formation and performance of contracts. Under this view, accounting practices evolve to mitigate contracting costs by establishing ex ante agreement among varying parties.
Factoring is a financial transaction and a type of debtor finance in which a business sells its accounts receivable (i.e., invoices) to a third party (called a factor) at a discount. [1] [2] [3] A business will sometimes factor its receivable assets to meet its present and immediate cash needs. [4] [5] Forfaiting is a factoring arrangement used ...
The par value of a share is the value stated in the corporate charter below which shares of that class cannot be sold upon initial offering; the issuing company promises not to issue further shares below par value, so investors can be confident that no one else will receive a more favorable issue price. Thus, par value is the nominal value of a ...
v. t. e. Financial analysis (also known as financial statement analysis, accounting analysis, or analysis of finance) refers to an assessment of the viability, stability, and profitability of a business, sub-business or project. It is performed by professionals who prepare reports using ratios and other techniques, that make use of information ...
The purpose of the income statement is to show managers and investors whether the company made money (profit) or lost money (loss) during the period being reported. An income statement represents a period of time (as does the cash flow statement ). This contrasts with the balance sheet, which represents a single moment in time.