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Glossary of mathematical symbols. A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula. As formulas are entirely constituted with symbols of various ...
In particular, the convex hull of a subset of size m + 1 (of the n + 1 defining points) is an m-simplex, called an m-face of the n-simplex. The 0-faces (i.e., the defining points themselves as sets of size 1) are called the vertices (singular: vertex), the 1-faces are called the edges , the ( n − 1 )-faces are called the facets , and the sole ...
A Young diagram or Young tableau, also called Ferrers diagram, is a finite collection of boxes, or cells, arranged in left-justified rows, with the row sizes weakly decreasing (each row has the same or shorter length than its predecessor). Young diagram. Listing the number of boxes in each row gives a partition of a positive integer n, the ...
The following table lists many specialized symbolscommonly used in modern mathematics, ordered by their introduction date. The table can also be ordered alphabetically by clicking on the relevant header title. Symbol. Name. Date of earliest use. First author to use.
Map (mathematics) A map is a function, as in the association of any of the four colored shapes in X to its color in Y. In mathematics, a map or mapping is a function in its general sense. [1] These terms may have originated as from the process of making a geographical map: mapping the Earth surface to a sheet of paper.
In solid geometry, a face is a flat surface (a planar region) that forms part of the boundary of a solid object; [1] a three-dimensional solid bounded exclusively by faces is a polyhedron . In more technical treatments of the geometry of polyhedra and higher-dimensional polytopes, the term is also used to mean an element of any dimension of a ...
Mathematical visualization is used throughout mathematics, particularly in the fields of geometry and analysis. Notable examples include plane curves, space curves, polyhedra, ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations (particularly numerical solutions, as in fluid dynamics or minimal surfaces such as soap films ...
Mathematical constant. The circumference of a circle with diameter 1 is π. A mathematical constant is a number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a special symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter ), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]