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Xorshift random number generators, also called shift-register generators, are a class of pseudorandom number generators that were invented by George Marsaglia. [1] They are a subset of linear-feedback shift registers (LFSRs) which allow a particularly efficient implementation in software without the excessive use of sparse polynomials. [2]
The Mersenne Twister is a general-purpose pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) developed in 1997 by Makoto Matsumoto (松本 眞) and Takuji Nishimura (西村 拓士). [1] [2] Its name derives from the choice of a Mersenne prime as its period length. The Mersenne Twister was designed specifically to rectify most of the flaws found in older PRNGs.
However, the need in a Fisher–Yates shuffle to generate random numbers in every range from 0–1 to 0–n almost guarantees that some of these ranges will not evenly divide the natural range of the random number generator. Thus, the remainders will not always be evenly distributed and, worse yet, the bias will be systematically in favor of ...
However, generally they are considerably slower (typically by a factor 2–10) than fast, non-cryptographic random number generators. These include: Stream ciphers. Popular choices are Salsa20 or ChaCha (often with the number of rounds reduced to 8 for speed), ISAAC, HC-128 and RC4. Block ciphers in counter mode.
RDRAND (for "read random") is an instruction for returning random numbers from an Intel on-chip hardware random number generator which has been seeded by an on-chip entropy source. [1] It is also known as Intel Secure Key Technology, [2] codenamed Bull Mountain. [3] Intel introduced the feature around 2012, and AMD added support for the ...
A cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator ( CSPRNG) or cryptographic pseudorandom number generator ( CPRNG) is a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) with properties that make it suitable for use in cryptography. It is also referred to as a cryptographic random number generator ( CRNG ).
In computing, a hardware random number generator ( HRNG ), true random number generator ( TRNG ), non-deterministic random bit generator ( NRBG ), [1] or physical random number generator [2] [3] is a device that generates random numbers from a physical process capable of producing entropy (in other words, the device always has access to a ...
A high quality random number generation (RNG) process is almost always required for security, and lack of quality generally provides attack vulnerabilities and so leads to lack of security, even to complete compromise, in cryptographic systems. [1] The RNG process is particularly attractive to attackers because it is typically a single isolated ...